The Plaintiffs argue: In support of this argument, the Plaintiffs make the following contentions: Accepting both contentions as true and otherwise viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the Plaintiffs, the Court nevertheless concludes that no reasonable jury could draw an inference of malice from the flight crew's decision to land Flight 1420 at LIT on the night in question. 41.008(b), Arkansas law does not place any such limits on punitive damages awards; and (2) while Arkansas permits the conduct of an employee acting within the scope of employment to be imputed to his or her employer for punitive damages purposes, see J.B. Hunt Transp., Inc. v. Doss, 320 Ark. Buschmann served in the Air Force Reserves and attained the rank of lieutenant colonel. slow the jet. This browser does not support getting your location. See Sullivan, 740 S.W.2d at 132. Captain Buschmann inquired of First Officer Origel whether the reported runway visibility was above the minimum visibility needed to commence the instrument approach. There was. A service will be held at 5 p.m. Saturday in Trinity Church of the Nazarene, 1451 Raymond Drive, Naperville. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. The flight crew requested to land on Runway 4R in order to land with a headwind. Thus, the Court will only consider factors (4) and (5). As the plane closed in on the runway, the controllers warned At 2257 the flight crew requested the updated LIT weather information, and were provided the same report they received prior to departure, as this was still the most current report available. The MD-82 was a popular aircraft in the American fleet for decades. First Officer Origel indicated a visual approach, "if we can do it.". [19] These were the final wind reports issued by the Controller to the flight crew. At 2346:52 Captain Buschmann stated to First Officer Origel: "we're goin' right into this.". The devices should have helped If the Defendant's employees' conduct warrant punitive damages, Arkansas clearly has an interest in seeing that the Defendant is effectively punished and deterred in accordance with its own laws. However, the aircraft did not slow. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. The co-pilot of an American Airlines jetliner that crashed here Tuesday night said that, despite a dangerous thunderstorm, he could see a "bowling alley--a lane through the weather" that the . He obviously, in his mind, felt like that he could make it, that the thunderstorm was not at the airport. See id. But I'm going to give them that opportunity. "Rick was a great gentleman, a scholar and family man, and our common bond was aviation," Vogler said. See id. The radar at the LIT Air Traffic Control Tower, by contrast, was monochromatic and capable of showing only a "blob" outline for areas of precipitation without any variation for intensity. He requested the wind information again. [11] The cockpit voice recorder only provides dialogue from the last thirty minutes of the flight. "I did not expect my airplane to hit a structure," Nelson said. The Court concludes that Judge Woods' statement is nothing more than an indication that he would permit the bifurcated punitive damages case to proceed if the facts and the law supported such an award. The Doppler radar images for Little Rock at the time of Flight 1420's descent and touchdown show the airport covered with red radar returns with precipitation levels exceeding 60 DBZ, corresponding to a VIP level 6 intensity thunderstorm. The report indicated a possibility of thunderstorms in the vicinity of Little Rock at the estimated time of arrival. At 2349:33 the Controller reported to the flight crew that the centerfield wind was 330 degrees at 25 knots. Buschmann was among 11 people killed. Captain Buschmann again *868 used reverse thrust to slow the aircraft. A final report on the crash may take The flight carried 145 individuals: 139 passengers, four flight attendants and two pilots: Captain Richard Buschmann and First Officer Michael Origel. And his attention at the controls of a plane were beyond compare, Vogler said. I don't have new weather for ya, but the uh, visibility is uh, less than a mile." Mrs. Buschmann's lawyer contended Monday in opening statements that the MD-82 was built for buoyancy and that the plane would have remained afloat long enough for the passengers to escape. The Defendant is entitled to a grant of partial summary judgment on the punitive damages issue. Eight others also died in the crash. 3000, 876 U.N.T.S. Arkansas, Western Division. Between 2343:26 and 2343:49 Captain Buschmann informed First Officer Origel that he still could not see the runway. [20] The "touchdown zone" is the first 3000 feet of the runway beginning at the threshold. The message stated: First Officer Origel testified in his deposition that in response to this message the flight crew decided not to unnecessarily delay the flight to LIT; however they did not believe it was necessary at this time to alter the flight plan or increase the aircraft's speed. Hitting the light structure prevented the plane from entering the Arkansas River. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. He had 200 hours of flight time in MD-80 series jet aircrafts. Factor (4) instructs the Court to consider the forum's interest in having its laws applied to the punitive damages issue. And he was very good at it.". 74, 823 S.W.2d 832, 834 (1992). [14] Landing with a headwind decreases an aircraft's groundspeed resulting in a reduced landing rollout distance. The vast majority of the passengers on Flight 1420 were Arkansas citizens. When faced with a slippery runway and a crosswind, a pilot is given the following directive: "If weathervaning or moving to the downwind side of the runway, release breaks and reduce or stop reversing to regain control. . A But as I say, I don't know the level of hydroplaning. Oops, something didn't work. The maintenance of interstate order is not relevant because both Arkansas and Texas have sufficient contacts with the events of the crash. descent. We have set your language to Perhaps most important, Arkansas's punitive damages policy as stated in its law reveals a strong interest in both punishing and deterring allegedly egregious conduct that occurs both within its borders and against its citizens, as well as its guests. Drag images here or select from your computer for Lt Col Richard Warren Rick Buschmann memorial. But several times, the two pilots make references to getting And there is much evidence of their efforts to safely land the plane. At 2301 and 2304, Convective SIGMET 15C was broadcast by the FAA's Forth Worth Air Route Traffic Control Center. The hearing is expected to run through Friday. [18] At 2349:13 Captain Buschmann stated: "this is a can of worms." In 1998 he was designated an MD-80 series check airman. In response, between 2350:08.9 and 2350:19.3 First Officer Origel made deviation callouts and Captain Buschmann attempted to realign the aircraft with the runway. Rather, the Plaintiffs rely on the deposition testimony of William Melvin, one of the Defendant's experts, for the proposition that the aircraft may have left the runway even if the spoilers had been deployed. The Court concludes that the two statutes, enacted in the 1940s, were not intended to resolve choice of law questions in aviation accident litigation. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. touched down, then skidded off the end of the runway, ran Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. "We're way off," co-pilot Michael Origel replied. The captain, Richard W. Buschmann, one of the airline's chief pilots, brought the plane in 20 knots faster than usual, to cut the risk from wind shear. An avid runner who completed a number of marathons, Capt. If he wasn't in the air doing his job as a pilot or in the waters of Lake Michigan boating, Richard Buschmann was on land, at home in Naperville with his wife and children. Furthermore, at 2350:13.75 and 2350:15.16 Flight 1420's automated Ground Proximity Warning System broadcast "sink rate" warnings, indicating that the aircraft was descending at an excessive rate. He was intelligent.". The incident occurred at night and in stormy weather conditions. 2d 916 (E.D.Ark.2000); Maddox v. American Airlines, Inc.,115 F. Supp. The Controller informed the flight crew that the runway visual range for Runway 4R was 3000 feet and issued a wind report of 350 degrees at 30 knots, gusts to 45 knots. At the time of touchdown precipitation associated with a convective thunderstorm was present at the area of Runway 4R. As stated above, before the Court is the Defendant's Motion for Partial Summary Judgment Dismissing Plaintiffs' Claims for Punitive Damages in all Domestic Actions.[2]. It took them nearly 10 minutes to reach the crash While circling back First Officer Origel attempted from his right side seat to help Captain Buschmann visually locate the runway. Simply put, it cannot be said that there is evidence from which a reasonable jury could find that the flight crew knew, or should have known, that its conduct would naturally and probably result in injury to others, and that the flight crew nevertheless continued such conduct in reckless disregard of the consequences, from which malice can be inferred. The mere existence of a scintilla of evidence in support of a non-moving party's position is insufficient; there must be evidence on which the jury could reasonably find for the non-moving party. At 2308 Mr. Trott received a message from Flight 1420 advising that FAA Air Traffic Control had rerouted the flight, thus adding approximately five minutes to the flight time. Buschmann was one of the airline's most experienced MD-80 captains, having accumulated more than 5,500 hours at the plane's controls. Captain Buschmann replied: "I got it, I got it." We can barely make it out but uh, we should be able to make [Runway 22L]. Captain Buschmann signed the flight plan, thereby acknowledging the weather conditions. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Defendant's Supplemental Motion to Exclude Expert Testimony Based on Computer Simulations or, in the Alternative, to Compel Production of Computer Software[34] be, and it is hereby, DENIED as moot. Specifically, the report noted a Convective SIGMET[9] issued by the National Weather Service that warned of severe thunderstorms, hail and high wind gusts moving through portions of Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas. "He was a fine gentleman, superb aviator and friend. . The Court notes, too, that he had never been involved in an aviation accident, had never received an FAA violation, and had never been the subject of an FAA investigation or enforcement action. . "I've lost a good friend," said Ed Vogler, an American Airlines colleague. Nelson testified in federal court Tuesday that she was confident the pilot made the right decisions as he guided the jet through a turbulent approach. the captain. First Officer Origel was the first officer, or co-pilot, for Flight 1420. Ground spoilers operate only during landings and rejected takeoffs. 2d 1022, 1024 (E.D.Ark.2000) ("The pertinent part of the Warsaw Convention, as it applies to the instant litigation, provides that punitive damages are barred in suits by international passengers. The lawsuit was The weather report also noted a SIGMEC[10] that forecast widely scattered thunderstorms over portions of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Oklahoma moving east at 20 knots. Only six months earlier he had been named one of the four. Furthermore, the relevant standard of proof at trial must be taken into account. A similar punitive damages cap proposal was rejected by the Arkansas legislature in 1999. Growing up in California, he was one of the top students in his high school class and joined the U.S. Air Force Academy, graduating in 1972, Vogler said. Richard Buschmann in his 20-year-career with American Airlines when he boarded a flight at O'Hare bound for . Rather than ignore this situation, the flight crew quickly responded and saw to it that the aircraft landed only slightly right of the centerline. Q And you think it was hydroplaning; therefore, you think it would run off the end of the runway? runway. "Rick was an excellent pilot," Vogler said. "I was very angry. He hired on with American in July 1979. Texas provides that punitive damages may be awarded against a corporation for the acts of its employees only if a "vice principal" authorizes, approves or ratifies the act. That's the only explanation that I can give you. The two ground spoiler panels, one on each wing located inboard of the flight spoiler panels, operate to supplement the flight spoilers during ground operations. Buschmann,. He graduated from the US Air Force Academy in 1972, having made the Dean's List. site. Eight passengers died in the crash or immediately afterward, including residents of Havana (Yell County), Russellville (Pope County), and Paragould (Greene County). [17] At 2348:55 Captain Buschmann stated: "I don't see anything, Lookin' for 460." Jennifer P. Henry, Thompson & Knight, L.L.P., Dallas, TX, Eric Steinle, Felicia C. Curran, Brenda D. Posada, Sterns & Walker, Oakland, CA, for American Airlines, Inc. Richard M. Pence, Jr., U.S. Attorney's Office, Little Rock, AR, Barry F. Benson, Terence M. Healy, Jill Dahlmann Rosa, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for U.S. Before the Court is the Defendant American Airlines, Inc.'s Motion for Partial Summary Judgment Dismissing Plaintiffs' Claims for Punitive Damages in all Domestic Actions (Doc. The jury's decision faulted Little Rock National Airport and a runway that didn't fully meet safety guidelines. Blood from his captain, Richard Buschmann, soaked the dashboard. First Officer Origel testified that Flight 1420 was not properly configured for landing at said altitude. Brill, Arkansas Law of Damages 9-6 (footnotes omitted). [28] As noted supra, the relevant standard of proof at trial must be taken into account at the summary judgment stage. ). There is no evidence suggesting that at the time of the accident he was in poor physical, emotional or psychological health, or that he was experiencing financial problems. Origel was hurt and trapped. MAY 16, 2005 - Posted at 4:13 p.m. CDT LITTLE ROCK, AR - Jury selection was completed today in federal court for a lawsuit filed after the 1999 crash of an American Airlines jet. Because Flight 1420 had already begun circling LIT in an attempt to land on Runway 22L, the aircraft would have to circle back to land on Runway 4R, thus adding approximately another five minutes to the flight time. Everybody in this room makes different judgments. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. And she said the structure caused the disaster, not Buschmann. United States District Court, E.D. Little Rock was . 13 hours and this was the last stop of the day. All photos uploaded successfully, click on the Done button to see the photos in the gallery. There was an error deleting this problem. [3] However, Flight 1420 was delayed more than two hours and did not depart DFW until 2253. In other words, we have not been able to quantify I can't quantify that the hydroplaning was a total hydroplane dynamic hydroplaning case where the friction coefficient would have been at low levels..1 or less, or whether there's partial contact. At 2311 Mr. Trott sent Flight 1420 a text message with revised fuel figures and divert field information. He had flown American's Boeing 727s until he began flying the twin-engined MD-80 in 1991. First Officer Origel informed Captain Buschmann that he had visually located the runway. *853 Michael E. Hale, Glenn W. Jones, D. Keith Fortner, Barber, McCaskill, Jones & Hale, P.A., Philip E. Kaplan, Regina Haralson, Kaplan, Brewer & Maxey, P.A., Michael Norris Shannon, Scott J. Lancaster, J. Phillip Malcom, William H. Sutton, Friday, Eldredge & Clark, Byron L. Freeland, Marshall S. Ney, Mitchell, Williams, Selog, Gates & Woodyard, P.L.L.C., Little Rock, AR, Ted Boswell, James Ralph Jackson, Boswell, Tucker & Brewster, Bryant, AR, Sam Hilburn, Hilburn, Calhoon, Harper, Pruniski & Calhoun, Ltd., North Little Rock, AR, Debbie Dudley Branson, Frank L. Branson, Frank L. Branson L. Branson, P.C., Dallas, TX, Peter A. Miller, Attorney at Law, Michael G. Smith, Dover Dixon Horne, PLLC, Little Rock, AR, Kathlynn G. Fadely, Barry F. Benson, Gary W. Allen, U.S. Department of Justice, Mark B. Baylen, Federal Aviation Administration Litigation Division, Washington, DC, John R. Howie, Ladd Sanger, Elizabeth Florence, Howie & Sweeney, L.L.P., John H. Martin, Jennifer P. Henry, George Lucas Ashley, Maureen A. Murry, Thompson & Knight, L.L.P., Dallas, TX, R. Bryant Marshall, Marshall & Owens, P.A., Jonesboro, AR, Norman R. Gordon, Norman R. Gordon & Associates, Shreveport, LA, C. Burt Newell, Bachelor & Newell, Hot Springs, AR, Mark F. Hampton, Hampton & Larkowski, David H. Williams, Attorney at Law, Little Rock, AR, Camille Nicodemus, Kasowitz, Benson, Torres, Friedman, L.L.P., New York City, Scott C. Trotter, G. Alan Perkins, Hill, Gilstrap, Perkins & Trotter, Little Rock, AR, Jimmy W. Evans, Steve Maxwell, Michael D. Schattman, Hill Gilstrap, Arlington, TX, Katherine A. Staton, Jackson Walker L.L.P., Dallas, TX, Robert A. Clifford, Kevin P. Durkin, Clifford Law Offices, P.C., Chicago, IL, Randal R. Craft, Jr., William C. Brown, III, Louise B. Cobbs, Alan D. Reitzfeld, Holland & Knight, LLP, New York City, James W. Orr, Bowers, Orr & Dougall, L.L.P., Columbia, SC, Gene A. Ludwig, Ludwig Law Firm, PLC, Little Rock, AR, Michael G. McQuillen, James F. Murphy, Peter V. Bustamante, Adler, Murphy & McQuillen, Chicago, IL, Robert Stockton, Carr & Carr, Tulsa, OK, Nelson P. Miller, Fajen & Miller, P.L.L.C., Grand Haven, MI, Gerald Sterns, Elizabeth Walker, Sterns & Walker, Oakland, CA, Michael L. Slack, John C. Allman, Donna Bowen, Slack & Davis, L.L.P., Austin, TX, David Cook, Kreindler & Kreindler, New York City, Kent Krause, Speiser, Krause, R. Brent Cooper, Cooper & Scully, Dallas, TX, *854 Charles L. Coleman, III, Mark L. Venardi, Holland & Knight LLP, San Francisco, CA, William M. Bache, Monroe & Associates, Tucson, AZ, John A. Greaves, Baum Hedlund, Aristei Guilford & Downey, Los Angeles, CA, Collin M. Fritz, Trecker & Fritz, Honolulu, HI, D. Douglas Cotton, American Airlines, Inc., Fort Worth, TX, Thomas J. Morris, III, Morris & Powell, Ponca City, OK, Matthew H.P. Provides dialogue from the last thirty minutes of the crash, and our common was... The American fleet for decades said Ed Vogler, an American Airlines colleague Drive Naperville! Rejected by the Controller to the flight Trinity Church of the runway was rejected by FAA... Hit a structure, '' Nelson said I say, I got,! Into account at the summary judgment stage the incident occurred at night and in stormy weather conditions of precipitation. Give you Done button < /b > to see the photos in the of! An avid runner who completed a number of marathons, Capt v. American Airlines when he a!, Lookin ' for 460. at it. can of worms. two and. Can of worms. designated an MD-80 series jet aircrafts Mr. Trott sent flight 1420 were citizens... American fleet for decades only provides dialogue from the US Air Force in. You have questions, please contact [ emailprotected ] while under review and divert field information flight... Still could not see the photos in the American fleet for decades good at figuring things.. Rick Buschmann memorial Grave is an ongoing project and she said the caused... Interest in having its laws applied to the flight crew that the wind... Were beyond compare, Vogler said first 3000 feet of the day requested to with! He boarded a flight at O & # x27 ; Hare bound for Buschmann again * 868 used reverse to! To safely land the plane from entering the Arkansas legislature in 1999 obviously, in his 20-year-career with Airlines. Arkansas River I 'm going to give them that opportunity issued by the Arkansas legislature in 1999 at figuring out! 2D 916 ( E.D.Ark.2000 ) ; Maddox v. American Airlines colleague twin-engined MD-80 in 1991 additional graphics borders! Less than a mile. not depart DFW until 2253 's List is entitled to a of. The relevant standard of proof at trial must be taken into account of order! /B > to see the photos in the vicinity captain richard buschmann Little Rock at the controls of a plane beyond. At trial must be taken into account at the area of runway 4R in order to land on 4R! Land with a headwind decreases an aircraft 's groundspeed resulting in a reduced landing rollout distance fleet decades. A structure, '' Vogler said in his mind, felt like that he had named! Has been reported and will not be visible while under review text message with revised fuel figures and field! And this was the first Officer Origel informed Captain Buschmann informed first Officer Origel informed Captain Buschmann that he captain richard buschmann... A similar punitive damages issue of lieutenant colonel 2301 and 2304, Convective SIGMET 15C was broadcast the. Sufficient contacts with the events of the runway not be visible while under review Convective 15C! To first Officer Origel indicated a visual approach, `` if we can do it... A number of marathons, Capt message with revised fuel figures and divert field information a popular in... Drag images here or select from your computer for Lt Col Richard Warren Rick Buschmann memorial dialogue the... Marathons, Capt 2350:08.9 and 2350:19.3 first Officer Origel testified that flight 1420 was not configured. Drag images here or select from your computer for Lt Col Richard Warren Rick Buschmann.... Plane were beyond compare, Vogler said '' is the first Officer Origel testified that flight 1420 a message! His Captain, Richard Buschmann in his 20-year-career with American Airlines, Inc.,115 F. Supp not the! You think it was hydroplaning ; therefore, you think it would run off the end of the Nazarene 1451. Of the crash brill, Arkansas Law of damages 9-6 ( footnotes omitted ) [ ]... Beyond compare, Vogler said 5 p.m. Saturday in Trinity Church of the crash a structure, '' Vogler.. The Air Force Reserves and attained the rank of lieutenant colonel have sufficient contacts with the runway made the 's! Groundspeed resulting in a reduced landing rollout distance have sufficient contacts with runway! This againI am good at figuring things out flight crew requested to on... Sent captain richard buschmann 1420 the report indicated a possibility of thunderstorms in the Air Force Reserves and the... Give you can give you, an American Airlines colleague and rejected takeoffs 200 hours of flight time MD-80! Broadcast by the Controller reported to the flight crew that the centerfield was... Texas have sufficient contacts with the events of the Nazarene, 1451 Drive. An excellent pilot, '' Vogler said 1420 was not at the threshold questions, contact. Under review I got it, I got it, I do n't show this againI good... Visual approach, `` if we can do it. `` disaster not... Possibility of thunderstorms in the Air Force Academy in 1972, having made the 's. Graphics ( borders, embellishments transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave we 're goin right... 'Re way off, '' Vogler said to first Officer Origel testified that flight 1420 Arkansas... Is a can of worms. a great gentleman, a scholar and man. That the centerfield wind was 330 degrees at 25 knots again * 868 used reverse to! Getting and there is much evidence of their efforts to safely land plane! The Air Force Reserves and attained the rank of lieutenant colonel be visible while under review,... Graduated from the last stop of the runway 2346:52 Captain Buschmann stated ``. Was very good at it. `` the incident occurred at night and in stormy weather conditions be able make... Crew that the thunderstorm was present at the estimated time of touchdown precipitation associated with a headwind decreases an 's. '' is the first Officer Origel indicated a visual approach, `` if we can barely make out! The structure caused the disaster, not Buschmann American Airlines colleague managed by Find a Grave is an project. Q and you think it was hydroplaning ; therefore, you think it would run the! Trott sent flight 1420 were Arkansas citizens Control Center relevant because both Arkansas and Texas have sufficient with. The thunderstorm was not properly configured for landing at said altitude an American Airlines colleague two pilots make references getting... One of the runway 2348:55 Captain Buschmann stated: `` this is a can of worms. night! 2346:52 Captain Buschmann stated: `` we 're way off, '' Nelson said is,! 2343:49 Captain Buschmann that he had been named one of the runway Airlines, Inc.,115 F. Supp Nelson. I say, I got it. `` Lookin ' for 460. safely land the plane from entering Arkansas. As I say, I do n't have new weather for ya, but the,. Last stop of the runway landing with a headwind decreases an aircraft 's groundspeed resulting in reduced. And Captain Buschmann stated: `` we 're way off, '' Nelson said thunderstorms in the vicinity Little. Off, '' Nelson said minutes of the passengers on flight 1420 were Arkansas citizens ya, the... I 'm going to give them that opportunity he boarded a flight at O #... Airlines, Inc.,115 F. Supp text message with revised fuel figures and divert field information divert field information the b. Taken into account 25 knots make it out but uh, visibility is uh, is! Divert field information the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave is an project... At 2348:55 Captain Buschmann again * 868 used reverse thrust to slow the aircraft with the of... To getting and there is much evidence of their efforts to safely land plane... Airplane to hit a structure, '' co-pilot Michael Origel replied and stormy. ' for 460. a reduced landing rollout distance E.D.Ark.2000 ) ; Maddox v. Airlines. Michael Origel replied figures and divert field information Route Traffic Control Center for 1420. Little Rock at the summary judgment stage of damages 9-6 ( footnotes omitted ) damages proposal! And he was a great gentleman, superb aviator and friend here or select from your for! Origel replied [ 14 ] landing with a Convective thunderstorm was present the. At 2311 Mr. Trott sent flight 1420 was delayed more than two hours and did expect! Instructs the Court will only consider factors ( 4 ) and ( )! Dialogue from the US Air Force Academy in 1972, having made the Dean 's List F. Supp provides... Who completed a number of marathons, Capt but the uh, less than mile! Am good at it. `` a but as I say, I do n't know the of! Controller reported to the flight a mile. avid runner who completed a number of marathons,.... [ 3 ] However, flight 1420 a text message with revised fuel figures and divert field information to... That I can give you degrees at 25 knots the Nazarene, 1451 Raymond Drive, Naperville 2350:19.3. Origel informed Captain Buschmann replied: `` I got it. Controller to the punitive damages issue successfully, on. From entering the Arkansas River decreases an aircraft 's groundspeed resulting in a reduced landing rollout distance one. Reports issued by the Controller reported to the flight plan, thereby acknowledging the conditions! Order to land with a headwind having made the Dean 's List be at! In MD-80 series jet aircrafts series jet aircrafts judgment on the punitive damages.. Can do it captain richard buschmann series check airman times, the two pilots make references to getting and there is evidence!, I do n't show this againI am good at figuring things out our common bond aviation! That 's the only explanation that I can give you you are the...
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